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Plant Diversity by State and Province

Traditionally, biologists have measured plant-species diversity by counting the number of native or indigenous species in a particular area. Native species are those that have become distributed across the landscape in response to climatic episodes and adaptation to site conditions and related land formations. In North America, natives are generally defined as plants that occurred here just prior to European settlement; this distinction is made because of the large-scale changes in the flora that have resulted since that time and the accompanying introduction of nonnative plants.

The following is a list of the estimated numbers of native species of vascular plants in North America north of Mexico. The data was provided by Dr. John Kartesz of the Biota of North America Program of the North Carolina Botanical Garden.

State, territory, or province Native species
Alabama 3000
Alaska 1368
Arizona 3600
Arkansas 2263
California 5589
Colorado 2667
Connecticut 1914
Delaware 1756
Florida 3285
Georgia 3127
Hawaii 1504
Idaho 2451
Illinois 2379
Indiana 2151
Iowa 1685
Kansas 1807
Kentucky 2124
Louisiana 2494
Maine 1778
Maryland 2323
Massachusetts 2116
Michigan 2188
Minnesota 1865
Mississippi 2407
Missouri 2190
Montana 2247
Nebraska 1596
Nevada 2909
New Hampshire 1686
New Jersey 2276
New Mexico 3377
New York 2527
North Carolina 2939
North Dakota 1219
Ohio 2148
Oklahoma 2399
Oregon 3212
Pennsylvania 2372
Rhode Island 1490
South Carolina 2638
South Dakota 1516
Tennessee 2444
Texas 4663
Utah 2976
Vermont 1723
Virginia 2730
Washington 2484
West Virginia 1914
Wisconsin 1969
Wyoming 2302
Puerto Rico 2453
Virgin Islands 1028
Alberta 1676
British Columbia 2386
District of Franklin 346
District of Keewatin 536
District of MacKenzie 1035
Greenland 520
Labrador 767
Manitoba 1407
New Brunswick 1295
Newfoundland 1068
Nova Scotia 1255
Ontario 2356
Prince Edward Island 794
Quebec 2065
Saskatchewan 1309
St. Pierre-et-Miquelon 531
Yukon Territory 1081